2003年12月英语四级试卷与参考答案：

2003年12月四级答案： Part I Listening 1-5 ABADC 6-10 BDBCD 11-15 CABCB 16-20 DACAB 21-25 DBCCA 26-30 DBADC 31-35 BBDCA 36-40 CADBC 41-45 CDBCB 46-50 DBACA 51-55 ADBAC 56-60 BDCDA 61-65 BADAB 66-70 CDCDD 71-75 ADBAD 76-80 CBDAD 81-85 BCADA 86-90 CBDAC 2003年12月英语四级试卷 Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Example: You will hear: You will read: A) At the office. B) In the waiting room. C) At the airport. D) In a restaurant. From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This conversation is most likely to have taken place at the office. Therefore, A) "At the office" is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre. Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D] 1.A) The man could buy a shirt of a different color. B) The size of the shirt is all right for the man. C) The size the man wants will arrive soon. D) The man could come some time later. 2.A) The woman is watching an exciting film with the man. B) The woman can't take a photo of the man. C) The woman is running toward the lake. D) The woman is filming the lake. 3.A) It's quiet in the restaurant. B) The price is high in the restaurant. C) The restaurant serves good food. D) The restaurant is too far from their school. 4.A) At a booking office. B) In a Hong Kong hotel. C) On a busy street. D) At an airport. 5.A) The woman has been complaining too much. B) The woman's headache will go away by itself. C) The woman should have seen the doctor earlier. D) The woman should confirm her appointment with the doctor. 6.A) Help the woman move the items. B) Hurry to Mr.Johnson's office. C) Help move things to Mr.Johnson's office. D) Put off his appointment with Mr.Johnson. 7.A) The man should not dream of being a superstar. B) The man didn't practice hard enough. C) The man should find a new partner. D) The man should not give up. 8.A) There is no more left. B) It doesn't appeal to her. C) It's incredibly delicious. D) She has already tasted it. 9.A) The man is usually the last to hand in his test paper. B) The man has made a mess of his midterm exam. C) The man has bad study habits. D) The man is a diligent student. 10.A) The man will drive the woman to school. B) The man has finished his assignment. C) The man is willing to help the woman. D) The man is losing patience with the woman. Section B Passage One Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard. 11.A) The art of saying thank you. B) The secret of staying pretty. C) The importance of good manners. D) The difference between elegance and good manners. 12.A) They were nicer and gentler. B) They paid more attention to their appearance. C) They were willing to spend more money on clothes. D) They were more aware of changes in fashion. 13.A) By decorating our homes. B) By being kind and generous. C) By wearing fashionable clothes. D) By putting on a little make-up. Passage Two Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard. 14.A) Children don't get enough education in safety. B) Children are keen on dangerous games. C) The playgrounds are in poor condition. D) The playgrounds are overcrowded. 15.A) They should help maintain the equipment. B) They should keep a watchful eye on their children. C) They should stop their children from climbing ladders. D) They should teach their children how to use the equipment. 16.A) They tend to stay within shouting or running distance of their parents. B) They should be aware of the porential risks in the playground. C) They may panic in front of high playground equipment. D) They can be creative when they feel secure. Passage There Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.] 17.A) It takes skill. B) It pays well. C) It's full-time job. D) It's admired worldwide. 18.A) A mother with a baby in her arms. B) A woman whose bag is hanging in front. C) A lone female with a handbag at her right side. D) An old lady carrying a handbag on the left. 19.A) The back pocket of his tight trousers. B) The top pocket of his jacket. C) A side pocket of his jacket. D) A side pocket of his trousers. 20.A) Theater lobbies with uniformed security guards. B) Clothing stores where people are relaxed and off guard. C) Airports where people carry a lot of luggage. D) Hotels and restaurants in southeast London. Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. I'm usually fairly skeptical about any research that concludes that people are either happier or unhappier or more or less certain of themselves than they were 50 years ago. While any of these statements might be true, they are practically impossible to prove scientifically. Still, I was struck by a report which concluded that today's children are significantly more anxious than children in the 1950s. In fact, the analysis showed, normal children ages 9 to 17 exhibit a higher level of anxiety today than children who were treated for mental illness 50 years ago. Why are America's kids so stressed? The report cites two main causes: increasing physical isolation -- brought on by high divorce rates and less involvement in community, among other things -- and a growing perception that the world is a more dangerous place. Given that we can't turn the clock back, adults can still do plenty to help the next generation cope. At the top of the list is nurturing ( 培育 ) a better appreciation of the limits of individualism. No child is an island. Strengthening social ties helps build communities and protect individuals against stress. To help kids build stronger connections with others, you can pull the plug on TVs and computers. Your family will thank you later. They will have more time for face-to-face relationships, and they will get more sleep. Limit the amount of virtual (虚拟的) violence your children are exposed to. It's not just video games and movies; children see a lot of murder and crime on the local news. Keep your expectations for your children reasonable. Many highly successful people never attended Harvard or Yale. Make exercise part of your daily routine. It will help you cope with your own anxieties and provide a good model for your kids. Sometimes anxiety is unavoidable. But it doesn't have to ruin your life. 21. The author thinks that the conclusions of any research about people's state of mind are______. A) surprising B) confusing C) illogical D) questionable 22. What does the author mean when he says, "we can't turn the clock back" (Line 1, Para. 3)? A) It's impossible to slow down the pace of change. B) The social reality children are facing cannot be changed. C) Lessons learned from the past should not be forgotten. D) It's impossible to forget the past. 23. According to an analysis, compared with normal children today, children treated as mentally ill 50 years ago____. A) were less isolated physically B) were probably less self-centered C) probably suffered less from anxiety D) were considered less individualistic 24. The first and most important thing parents should do to help their children is ____. A) to provide them with a safer environment B) to lower their expectations for them C) to get them more involved socially D) to set a good model for them to follow 25. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage? A) Anxiety, though unavoidable, can be coped with. B) Children's anxiety has been enormously exaggerated. C) Children's anxiety can be eliminated with more parental care. D) Anxiety, if properly controlled, may help children become mature. Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage. It is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement because once you are inside, the organizational constraints ( 约束 ) influence wage increases. One thing, however, is certain: your chances of getting the raise you feel you deserve are less if you don't at least ask for it. Men tend to ask for more, and they get more, and this holds true with other resources, not just pay increases. Consider Beth's story: I did not get what I wanted when I did not ask for it. We had cubicle ( 小隔间 ) offices and window offices. I sat in the cubicles with several male colleagues. One by one they were moved into window offices, while I remained in the cubicles, several males who were hired after me also went to offices. One in particular told me he was next in line for an office and that it had been part of his negotiations for the job. I guess they thought me content to stay in the cubicles since I did not voice my opinion either way. It would be nice if we all received automatic pay increases equal to our merit, but "nice" isn't a quality attributed to most organizations. If you feel you deserve a significant raise in pay, you'll probably have to ask for it. Performance is your best bargaining chip ( 筹码 ) when you are seeking a raise. You must be able to demonstrate that you deserve a raise. Timing is also a good bargaining chip. If you can give your boss something he or she needs (a new client or a sizable contract, for example) just before merit pay decisions are being made, you are more likely to get the raise you want. Use information as a bargaining chip too. Find out what you are worth on the open market. What will someone else pay for your services? Go into the negotiations prepared to place your chips on the table at the appropriate time and prepared to use communication style to guide the direction of the interaction. 26. According to the passage, before taking a job, a person should _____. A) demonstrate his capability B) give his boss a good impression C) ask for as much money as he can D) ask for the salary he hopes to get 27. What can be inferred from Beth's story? A) Prejudice against women still exists in some organizations. B) If people want what they deserve, they have to ask for it. C) People should not be content with what they have got. D) People should be careful when negotiating for a job. 28. We can learn from the passage that ____. A) unfairness exists in salary increases B) most people are overworked and underpaid C) one should avoid overstating one's performance D) most organizations give their staff automatic pay raises 29. To get a pay raise, a person should______. A) advertise himself on the job market B) persuade his boss to sign a long-term contract C) try to get inside information about the organization D) do something to impress his boss just before merit pay decisions 30. To be successful in negotiations, one must_____. A) meet his boss at the appropriate time B) arrive at the negotiation table punctually C) be good at influencing the outcome of the interaction D) be familiar with what the boss likes and dislikes Passage Three Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage. When families gather for Christmas dinner, some will stick to formal traditions dating back to Grandma's generation. Their tables will be set with the good dishes and silver, and the dress code will be Sunday-best. But in many other homes, this china-and-silver elegance has given way to a stoneware ( 粗陶) -and-stainless informality, with dresses assuming an equally casual-Friday look. For hosts and guests, the change means greater simplicity and comfort. For makers of fine china in Britain, it spells economic hard times. Last week Royal Doulton, the largest employer in Stoke-on-Trent, announced that it is eliminating 1,000jobs -- one-fifth of its total workforce. That brings to more than 4,000 the number of positions lost in 18 months in the pottery (陶瓷) region. Wedgwood and other pottery factories made cuts earlier. Although a strong pound and weak markets in Asia play a role in the downsizing, the layoffs in Stoke have their roots in earthshaking social shifts. A spokesman for Royal Doulton admitted that the company "has been somewhat slow in catching up with the trend" toward casual dining. Families eat together less often, he explained, and more people eat alone, either because they are single or they eat in front of television; Even dinner parties, if they happen at all, have gone casual. In a time of long work hours and demanding family schedules, busy hosts insist, rightly, that it's better to share a takeout pizza on paper plates in the family room than to wait for the perfect moment or a "real" dinner party. Too often, the perfect moment never comes. Iron a fine-patterned tablecloth? Forget it. Polish the silver? Who has time? Yet the loss of formality has its down side. The fine points of etiquette ( 礼节 ) that children might once have learned at the table by observation or instruction from parents and grandparents ("Chew with your mouth closed." "Keep your elbows off the table.") must be picked up elsewhere. Some companies now offer etiquette seminars for employees who may be competent professionally but clueless socially. 31. The trend toward casual dining has resulted in_____. A) bankruptcy of fine china manufacturers B) shrinking of the pottery industry C) restructuring of large enterprises D) economic recession in Great Britain 32. Which of the following may be the best reason for casual dining? A) Family members need more time to relax. B) Busy schedules leave people no time for formality. C) People want to practice economy in times of scarcity. D) Young people won't follow the etiquette of the older generation. 33. It can be learned from the passage that Royal Doulton is_____. A) a retailer of stainless steel tableware B) a dealer in stoneware C) a pottery chain store D) a producer of fine china 34. The main cause of the layoffs in the pottery industry is_____. A) the increased value of the pound B) the economic recession in Asia C) the change in people's way of life D) the fierce competition at home and abroad 35. Refined table manners, though less popular than before in current social life_____. A) are still a must on certain occasions B) axe bound to return sooner or later C) are still being taught by parents at home D) can help improve personal relationships Passage Four Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage. Some houses are designed to be smart. Others have smart designs. An example of the second type of house won an Award of Excellence from the American Institute of Architects. Located on the shore of Sullivan's Island off the coast of South Carolina, the award-winning cube-shaped beach house was built to replace one smashed to pieces by Hurricane ( 飓风 ) Hugo 10 years ago. In September 1989, Hugo struck South Carolina, killing 18 people and damaging or destroying 36,000 homes in the state. Before Hugo, many new houses built along South Carolina's shoreline were poorly constructed, and enforcement of building codes wasn't strict, according to architect Ray Huff, who created the cleverly-designed beach house. In Hugo's wake, all new shoreline houses are required to meet stricter, better-enforced codes. The new beach house on Sullivan's Island should be able to withstand a Category 3 hurricane with peak winds of 179 to 209 kilometers per hour. At first sight, the house on Sullivan's Island looks anything but hurricane-proof. Its redwood shell makes it resemble "a large party lantern ( 灯笼 )" at night, according to one observer. But looks can be deceiving. The house's wooden frame is reinforced with long steel rods to give it extra strength. To further protect the house from hurricane damage, Huff raised it 2.7 meters off the ground on timber pilings -- long, slender columns of wood anchored deep in the sand. Pilings might appear insecure, but they are strong enough to support the weight of the house. They also elevate the house above storm surges. The pilings allow the surges to run under the house instead of running into it. "These swells of water come ashore at tremendous speeds and cause most of the damage done to beach-front buildings," said Huff. Huff designed the timber pilings to be partially concealed by the house's ground-to-roof shell. "The shell masks the pilings so that the house doesn't look like it's standing with its pant legs pulled up," said Huff. In the event of a storm surge, the shell should break apart and let the waves rush under the house, the architect explained. 36. After the tragedy caused by Hurricane Hugo, new houses built along South Carolina's shore line are required_____. A) to be easily reinforced B) to look smarter in design C) to meet stricter building standards D) to be designed in the shape of cubes 37. The award-winning beach house is quite strong because____. A) it is strengthened by steel rods B) it is made of redwood C) it is in the shape of a shell D) it is built with timber and concrete 38. Huff raised the house 2.7 meters off the ground on timber pilings in order to _____. A) withstand peak winds of about 200 km/hr B) anchor stronger pilings deep in the sand C) break huge sea waves into smaller ones D) prevent water from rushing into the house 39. The main function of the shell is A) to strengthen the pilings of the house B) to give the house a better appearance C)to protect the wooden frame of the house D) to slow down the speed of the swelling water 40. It can be inferred from the passage that the shell should be____. A) fancy-looking B) waterproof C) easily breakable D) extremely strong Part III Vocabulary (20 minutes) Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. 41. He asked us to _____ them in carrying through their plan. A) provide C) assist B) arouse D) persist 42. A good many proposals were raised by the delegates, _____ was to be expected. A) that C) so B) what D) as 43. He was such a _____ speaker that he held our attention every minute of the three-hour lecture. A) specific C) heroic B) dynamic D) diplomatic 44. Arriving home, the boy told his parents about all the _____ which occurred in his dormitory. A) occasions C) incidents B) matters D) issues 45. The opening between the rocks was very narrow, but the boys managed to _____ through. A) press C) stretch B) squeeze D) leap 46. They are trying to _____ the waste discharged by the factory for profit. A) expose C) exhibit B) exhaust D) exploit 47. The manager urged his staff not to _____ the splendid opportunity. A) drop C) escape B) miss D) slide 48. _____ I admire David as a poet, I do not like him as a man. A) Much as C) If only B) Only if D) As much 49. Because of a _____ engagement, Lora couldn't attend my birthday party last Saturday. A) pioneer C) prior B) premature D) past 50. The continuous rain _____ the harvesting of the wheat crop by two weeks. A) set back C) set out B) set off D) set aside 51. Not having a good command of English can be a serious _____ preventing you from achieving your goals. A) obstacle C) offense B) fault D) distress 52. It's very _____ of you not to talk aloud while the baby is asleep. A) concerned C) considerable B) careful D) considerate 53. Many a player who had been highly thought of has _____ from the tennis scene. A) disposed C) discouraged B) disappeared D) discarded 54. She's fainted. Throw some water on her face and she'll _____. A) come round C) come on B) come along D) come out 55. All their attempts to _____ the child from the burning building were in vain. A) regain C) rescue B) recover D) reserve 56. Computer technology will _____ a revolution in business administration. A) bring around C) bring out B) bring about D) bring up 57. The university has launched a research center to develop new ways of _____ bacteria which have become resistant to drug treatments. A) regulating C) interrupting B) halting D) combating 58. The _____ goal of the book is to help bridge the gap between research and teaching, particularly the gap between researchers and teachers. A) joint C) overall B) intensive D) decisive 59. The rapid development of communications technology is transforming the _____ in which people communicate across time and space. A) route C) vision B) transmission D) manner 60. When I go out in the evening I use the bike _____ the car if I can. A) rather than C) in spite of B) regardless of D) other than 61. There is no _____ evidence that people can control their dreams, at least in experimental situations in a lab. A) rigid C) smooth B) solid D) harsh 62. Every culture has developed _____ for certain kinds of food and drink, and equally strong negative attitudes toward others. A) preferences C) fantasies B) expectations D) fashions 63. It is reported that Uruguay understands and _____ China on human rights issues. A) grants C) abandons B) changes D) backs 64. Only a few people have _____ to the full facts of the incident. A) access C) contact B) resort D) path 65. His trousers _____ when he tried to jump over the fence. A) cracked C) broke B) split D) burst 66. So far, _____ winds and currents have kept the thick patch of oil southeast of the Atlantic coast. A) governing C) prevailing B) blowing D) ruling 67. The author was required to submit an _____ of about 200 words together with his research paper. A) edition C) article B) editorial D) abstract 68. As the old empires were broken up and new states were formed, new official tongues began to _____ at an increasing rate. A) bring up C) spring up B) build up D) strike up 69. Many patients insist on having watches with them in hospital, _____ they have no schedules to keep. A) even though C) as if B) for D) since 70. Some plants are very _____ to light; they prefer the shade. A) sensible C) objective B) flexible D) sensitive Part IV Cloze (15 minutes) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper, You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. It's an annual back-to-school routine. One morning you wave goodbye, and that 71 evening you're burning the late-night oil in sympathy. In the race to improve educational standards, 72 are throwing the books at kids. 73 elementary school students are complaining of homework 74 . What's a well-meaning parent to do? As hard as 75 may be, sit back and chill, experts advise. Though you've got to get them to do it, 76 helping too much, or even examining 77 too carefully, you may keep them 78 doing it by themselves. "I wouldn't advise a parent to check every 79 assignment," says psychologist John Rosemond, author Of Ending the Tough Homework. "There's a 80 of appreciation for trial and error. Let your children 81 the grade they deserve." Many experts believe parents should gently look over the work of younger children and ask them to rethink their 82 . But "you don't want them to feel it has to be 83 ," she says. That's not to say parents should 84 homework -- first, they should monitor how much homework their kids 85 . Thirty minutes a day in the early elementary years and an hour in 86 four, five, and six is standard, says Rosemond. For junior-high students it should be " 87 mom than an hour and a half," and two for high-school students. If your child 88 has mom homework than this, you may want to check 89 other parents and then talk to the teacher about 90 assignment 71. A) very C) right B) exact D) usual 72. A) officials C) experts B) parents D) schools 73. A) Also C) Then B) Even D) However 74. A) fatigue C) duty B) confusion D) puzzle 75. A) there C) they B) we D) it 76. A) via C) by B) under D) for 77. A) questions C) standards B) answers' D) rules 78. A) off C) beyond B) without D) from 79. A) single C) page B) piece D) other 80. A) drop C) cut B) short D) lack 81. A) acquire C) gather B) earn D) reach 82. A) exercises C) mistakes B) defects D) tests 83. A) perfect C) unusual B) better D) complete 84. A) forget C) miss B) refuse D) ignore 85. A) have C) make B) prepare D) perform 86. A) classes C) grades B) groups D) terms 87. A) about C) much B) no D) few 88. A) previously C) merely B) rarely D) consistently 89. A) with C) out B) in D) up 90. A) finishing C) reducing B) lowering D) declining Part V Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter in reply to a friend's inquiry about applying for admission to your college or university. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese: 1．建议报考的专业及理由 2．报考该专业的基本条件 3．应当如何备考 A Letter in Reply to a Friend December 27th, 2003 Dear 2003年12月英语六级试卷与参考答案 2003年12月六级答案： 1-5 C ABBD 6-10 CBACD 11-15 CDBAB 16-20 DACDC 21-25 ABCAD 26-30 BDCAD 31-35 BCBDA 36-40 CACDD 41-45 CABAD 46-50 DBACA 51-55 BCBAC 56-60 BDDAC 61-65 BAACB 66-70 ADCDB S1. being > been S2. their > its S3. relative > relatively S4. good > poor / bad / scanty S5. as > / S6. politics > political S7. by > for S8. double > doubled S9. few > fewer S10. crop>crops 2003年12月英语六级试卷 Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Example: You will hear: You will read: A) 2 hours. B) 3 hours. C) 4 hours. D) 5 hours. From the conversation we know that the two are talking about some work they will start at 9 o'clock in the morning and have to finish by 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) "5 hours" is the correct answer. You should choose [DJ on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre. Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D] 1. A) She knows where Martha has gone. B) Martha will go to the concert by herself. C) It is quite possible for the man to find Martha. D) The man is going to meet Martha at the concert. 2. A) The air pollution is caused by the development of industry. B) The city was poor because there wasn't much industry then. C) The woman's exaggerating the seriousness of the pollution. D) He might move to another city very soon. 3. A) The man should work harder to improve his grades. B) The man will benefit from the effort he's put in. C) It serves the man right to get a poor grade. D) It was unfair of the teacher to give the man a C. 4. A) She can make a reservation at the restaurant. B) The man should decide where to eat. C) She already has plans for Saturday night. D) The man should ask his brother for suggestions. 4. A) The man deserved the award. B) The woman helped the man succeed. C) The man is thankful to the woman for her assistance. D) The woman worked hard and was given an award. 5. A) Voluntary work can help the man establish connections with the community. B) The man's voluntary work has left him little room in his schedule. C) Voluntary work with the environment council requires a time commitment. D) A lot of people have signed up for voluntary work with the environment council. 6. A) The patient must receive treatment regularly. B) The patient can't leave the hospital until the bleeding stops. C) The patient's husband can attend to the business in her place. D) The patient must take a good rest and forget about her business. 7. A) Alice does not know much about electronics. B) Alice is unlikely to find a job anywhere. C) Alice is not interested in anything but electronics. D) Alice is likely to find a job in an electronics company. 9. A) Jimmy is going to set out tonight. B) Jimmy has not decided on his journey. C) There is no need to have a farewell dinner. D) They may have a dinner when Jimmy's back. 10. A) The woman had been planning for the conference. B) The woman called the man but the line was busy. C) The woman didn't come back until midnight. D) The woman had guests all evening. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices, marked A), B), C) and 1)). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard. 11. A) They are delighted because they can enjoy the scenery while driving. B) They are frightened because traffic accidents are frequent. C) They are irritated because the bridge is jammed with cars. D) They are pleased because it saves them much time. 12. A) They don't have their own cars to drive to work. B) Many of them are romantic by temperament. C) Most of them enjoy the drinks on the boat. D) They tend to be more friendly to each other. 13. A) Many welcome the idea of having more bars on board. B) Many prefer the ferry to maintain its present speed. C) Some suggest improving the design of the deck. D) Some object to using larger luxury boats. Passage Two Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard. 14. A) Coca Cola. B) Sausage. C) Milk. D) Fried chicken. 15. A) He has had thirteen decayed teeth. B) He doesn't have a single decayed tooth. C) He has fewer decayed teeth than other people of his age. D) He never had a single tooth pulled out before he was fifty. 16. A) Brush your teeth right before you go to bed in the evening. B) Have as few of your teeth pulled out as possible. C) Have your teeth X-rayed at regular intervals. D) Clean your teeth shortly after eating. Passage Three Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard. 17. A) A visit to a prison. B) The influence of his father. C) A talk with some miserable slaves. D) His experience in the war between France and Austria. 　 18. A) He sent surgeons to serve in the army. B) He provided soldiers with medical supplies. C) He recruited volunteers to care for the wounded. D) He helped to flee the prisoners of war. 　 19. A) All men are created equal. B) The wounded and dying should be treated for free. C) A wounded soldier should surrender before he receives any medical treatment. D) A suffering person is entitled to help regard/ess of race, religion or political beliefs. 20. A) To honor Swiss heroes who died in the war. B) To show Switzerland was neutral. C) To pay tribute to Switzerland. D) To show gratitude to the Swiss government for its financial support. Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. For years, doctors advised their patients that the only thing taking multivitamins does is give them expensive urine (尿). After all, true vitamin deficiencies are practically unheard of in industrialized countries. Now it seems those doctors may have been wrong. The results of a growing number of studies suggest that even a modest vitamin shortfall can be harmful to your health. Although proof of the benefits of multivitamins is still far from certain, the few dollars you spend on them is probably a good investment. Or at least that's the argument put forward in the New England Journal of Medicine. Ideally, say Dr. Walter Willett and Dr. Meir Stampfer of Harvard, all vitamin supplements would be evaluated in scientifically rigorous clinical trials. But those studies can take a long time and often raise more questions than they answer. At some point, while researchers work on figuring out where the truth lies, it just makes sense to say the potential benefit outweighs the cost. The best evidence to date concerns folate, one of the B vitamins. It's been proved to limit the number of defects in embryos ( 胚胎 ), and a recent trial found that folate in combination with vitamin B 12 and a form of B6 also decreases the re-blockage of arteries after surgical repair. The news on vitamin E has been more mixed. Healthy folks who take 400 international units daily for at least two years appear somewhat less likely to develop heart disease. But when doctors give vitamin E to patients who already have heart disease, the vitamin doesn't seem to help. It may turn out that vitamin E plays a role in prevention but cannot undo serious damage. Despite vitamin C's great popularity, consuming large amounts of it still has not been positively linked to any great benefit. The body quickly becomes saturated with C and simply excretes ( 排泄 ) any excess. The multivitamins question boils down to this: Do you need to wait until all the evidence is in before you take them, or are you willing to accept that there's enough evidence that they don't hurt and could help? If the latter, there's no need to go to extremes and buy the biggest 'horse pills or the most expensive bottles. Large doses can cause trouble, including excessive bleeding and nervous system problems. Multivitamins are no substitute for exercise and a balanced diet, of course. As long as you understand that any potential benefit is modest and subject to further refinement, taking a daily multivitamin makes a lot of sense. 21. At one time doctors discouraged taking multivitamins because they believed that multivitamins____. A) could not easily be absorbed by the human body B) were potentially harmful to people's health C) were too expensive for daily consumption D) could not provide any cure for vitamin deficiencies 22. According to the author, clinical trials of vitamin supplements____. A) often result in misleading conclusions B) take time and will not produce conclusive results C) should be conducted by scientists on a larger scale D) appear to be a sheer waste of time and resources 23. It has been found that vitamin E_____. A) should be taken by patients regularly and persistently B) can effectively reduce the recurrence of heart disease C) has a preventive but not curative effect on heart disease D) should be given to patients with heart disease as early as possible 24. It can be seen that large doses of multivitamins_____. A) may bring about serious side effects B) may help prevent excessive bleeding C) are likely to induce the blockage of arteries D) are advisable for those with vitamin deficiencies 25. The author concludes the passage with the advice that_____. A) the benefit of daily multivitamin intake outweighs that of exercise and a balanced diet B) it's risky to take multivitamins without knowing their specific function C) the potential benefit of multivitamins can never be overestimated D) it's reasonable to take a rational dose of multivitamins daily Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage. Some futurologists have assumed that the vast upsurge ( 剧增 ) of women in the workforce may portend a rejection of marriage. Many women, according to this hypothesis, would rather work than marry. The converse ( 反面 ) of this concern is that the prospects of becoming a multi-paycheck household could encourage marriages. In the past, only the earnings and financial prospects of the man counted in the marriage decision. Now, however, the earning ability of a woman can make her more attractive as a marriage partner. Data show that economic downturns tend to postpone marriage because the parties cannot afford to establish a family or are concerned about rainy days ahead. As the economy rebounds, the number of marriages also rises. Coincident with the increase in women working outside the home is the increase in divorce rates. Yet, it may be wrong to jump to any simple cause-and-effect conclusions. The impact of a wife's work on divorce is no less cloudy than its impact on marriage decisions. The realization that she can be a good provider may increase the chances that a working wife will choose divorce over an unsatisfactory marriage. But the reverse is equally plausible. Tensions grounded in financial problems often play a key role in ending a marriage. Given high unemployment, inflationary problems, and slow growth in real earnings, a working wife can increase household income and relieve some of these pressing financial burdens. By raising a family's standard of living, a working wife may strengthen her family's financial and emotional stability. Psychological factors also should be considered. For example, a wife blocked from a career outside the home may feel caged in the house. She may view her only choice as seeking a divorce. On the other hand, if she can find fulfillment through work outside the home, work and marriage can go together to create a stronger and more stable union. Also, a major part of women's inequality in marriage has been due to the fact that, in most cases, men have remained the main breadwinners. With higher earning capacity and status occupations outside of the home comes the capacity to exercise power within file family. A working wife may rob a husband of being the master of the house. Depending upon how the couple reacts to these new conditions, it could create a stronger equal partnership or it could create new insecurities. 26. The word "portend" (Line 2, Para. 1) is closest in meaning to " _____" . A) defy C) suffer from B) signal D) result from 27. It is said in the passage that when the economy slides,_____. A) men would choose working women as their marriage partners B) more women would get married to seek financial security C) even working women would worry about their marriages D) more people would prefer to remain single for the time being 28. If women find fulfillment through work outside the home,_____. A) they are more likely to dominate their marriage partners B) their husbands are expected to do more housework C) their marriage ties can be strengthened D)they tend to put their career before marriage 29. One reason why women with no career may seek a divorce is that_____. A) they feel that they have been robbed of their freedom B) they are afraid of being bossed around by their husbands C) they feel that their partners fail to live up to their expectations D) they tend to suspect their husbands' loyalty to their marriage 30. Which of the following statements can best summarize the author's view in the passage? A) The stability of marriage and the divorce rate may reflect the economic situation of the country. B) Even when economically independent, most women have to struggle for real equality in marriage. C) In order to secure their marriage women should work outside the home and remain independent D) The impact of the growing female workforce on marriage varies from case to case. Passage Three Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage, For most thinkers since the Greek philosophers, it was self-evident that there is something called human nature, something that constitutes the essence of man. There were various views about what constitutes it, but there was agreement that such an essence exists -- that is to say, that there is something by virtue of which man is man. Thus man was defined as a rational being, as a social animal, an animal that can make tools, or a symbol-making animal. More recently, this traditional view has begun to be questioned. One reason for this change was the increasing emphasis given to the historical approach to man. An examination of the history of humanity suggested that man in our epoch is so different from man in previous times that it seemed unrealistic to assume that men in every age have had in common something that can be called "human nature." The historical approach was reinforced, particularly in the United States, by studies in the field of cultural anthropology ( 人类学 ). The study of primitive peoples has discovered such a diversity of customs, values, feelings, and thoughts that many anthropologists arrived at the concept that man is born as a blank sheet of paper on which each culture writes its text. Another factor contributing to the tendency to deny the assumption of a fixed human nature was that the concept has so often been abused as a shield behind which the most inhuman acts are committed. In the name of human nature, for example, Aristotle and most thinkers up to the eighteenth century defended slavery. Or in order to prove the rationality and necessity of the capitalist form of society, scholars have tried to make a case for acquisitiveness, competitiveness, and selfishness as innate ( 天生的 ) human traits. Popularly, one refers cynically to "human nature" in accepting the inevitability of such undesirable human behavior as greed, murder, cheating and lying. Another reason for skepticism about the concept of human nature probably lies in the influence of evolutionary thinking. Once man came to be seen as developing in the process of evolution, the idea of a substance which is contained in his essence seemed untenable. Yet I believe it is precisely from an evolutionary standpoint that we can expect new insight into the problem of the nature of man. 31. The traditional view of "human nature" was strongly challenged by_____. A) the emergence of the evolutionary theory B) the historical approach to man C) new insight into human behavior D) the philosophical analysis of slavery 32. According to the passage, anthropologists believe that human beings_____ A) have some traits in common B) are born with diverse cultures C) are born without a fixed nature D) change their characters as they grow up 33. The author mentioned Aristotle, a great ancient thinker, in order to_____ A) emphasize that he contributed a lot to defining the concept of "human nature" B) show that the concept of "human nature" was used to justify social evils C) prove that he had a profound influence on the concept of "human nature" D) support the idea that some human traits are acquired 34. The word "untenable" (Line 3) in the last paragraph of the passage most probably means_____ A) invaluable C) changeable B) imaginable D) indefensible 35. Most philosophers believed that human nature_____ A) is the quality distinguishing man from other animals B) consists of competitiveness and selfishness C) is something partly innate and partly acquired D) consists of rationality and undesirable behavior Passage Four Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage. Richard Satava, program manager for advanced medical technologies, has been a driving force in bringing virtual reality to medicine, where computers create a "virtual" or simulated environment for surgeons and other medical practitioners ( 从业者 ). "With virtual reality we'll be able to put a surgeon in every trench," said Satava. He envisaged a time when soldiers who are wounded fighting overseas are put in mobile surgical units equipped with computers. The computers would transmit images of the soldiers to surgeons back in the U.S. The surgeons would look at the soldier through virtual reality helmets ( 头盔) that contain a small screen displaying the image of the wound. The doctors would guide robotic instruments in the battlefield mobile surgical unit that operate on the soldier. Although Satava's vision may be years away from standard operating procedure, scientists are progressing toward virtual reality surgery. Engineers at an international organization in California are developing a tele-operating device. As surgeons watch a three-dimensional image of the surgery, they move instruments that are connected to a computer, which passes their movements to robotic instruments that perform the surgery. The computer provides, feedback to the surgeon on force, textures, and sound. These technological wonders may not yet be part of the community hospital setting but increasingly some of the machinery is finding its way into civilian medicine. At Wayne State University Medical School, surgeon Lucia Zamorano takes images of the brain from computerized scans and uses a computer program to produce a 3-D image. She can then maneuver the 3-D image on the computer screen to map the shortest, least invasive surgical path to the rumor (肿瘤). Zamorano is also using technology that attaches a probe to surgical instruments so that she can track their positions. While cutting away a tumor deep in the brain, she watches the movement of her surgical tools in a computer graphics image of the patient's brain taken before surgery. During these procedures -- operations that are done through small cuts in the body in which a miniature camera and surgical tools are maneuvered -- surgeons are wearing 3-D glasses for a better view. And they are commanding robot surgeons to cut away tissue more accurately than human surgeons can. Satava says, "We are in the midst of a fundamental change in the field of medicine." 36. According to Richard Satava, the application of virtual reality to medicine _____ A) will enable surgeons to be physically present on every battlefield B) can raise the spirits of soldiers wounded on the battlefield C) will greatly improve medical conditions on the battlefield D) can shorten the time for operations on soldiers wounded on the battlefield 37. Richard Satava has visions of_____ A) using a remote-control technique to treat wounded soldiers fighting overseas B) wounded soldiers being saved by doctors wearing virtual reality helmets on the battlefield C) wounded soldiers being operated on by specially trained surgeons D) setting up mobile surgical units overseas 38. How is virtual reality surgery performed? A) It is performed by a computer-designed high precision device. B) Surgeons wear virtual reality helmets to receive feedback provided by a computer. C) Surgeons move robotic instruments by means of a computer linked to them. D) A 3-D image records the movements of the surgeons during the operation. 39. During virtual reality operations, the surgeon can have a better view of the cuts in the body because _____. A) he is looking at the cuts on a computer screen B) the cuts can be examined from different angles C) the cuts have been highly magnified D) he is wearing 3-D glasses 40. Virtual reality operations are an improvement on conventional surgery in that they A) cause less pain to the wounded B) allow the patient to recover more quickly C) will make human surgeons' work less tedious D) are done by robot surgeons with greater precision Part III Vocabulary (20 minutes) Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. 41. He suggested that we put the scheme into effect, for it is quite_____. A) probable C) feasible B) sustainable D) eligible 42. This book is about how these basic beliefs and values affect important_____ of American life. A) facets C) formulas B) formats D) fashions 43. It is one thing to locate oil, but it is quite another to _____ and transport it to the industrial centers. A) permeate C) distinguish B) extract D) concentrate 44. Students are expected to be quiet and _____ in an Asian classroom. A) obedient C) skeptical B) overwhelming D) subsidiary 45. Our reporter has just called to say that rescue teams will _____ to bring out the trapped miners. A) effect c) conceive B) affect D) endeavour 46. The Spanish team, who are not in superb form, will be doing their best next week to_____ themselves on tile German team for last year's defeat. A) remedy C) revive B) reproach D) revenge 47. Creating so much confusion, Mason realized he had better make _____ what he was trying to tell the audience. A) exclusive C) objective B) explicit D) obscure 48. One of the examination questions_____ me completely and I couldn't answer it. A) baffled C) provoked B) mingled D) diverted 49. The vision of that big black car hitting the sidewalk a few feet from us will never be_____from my memory. A) ejected C) erased B) escaped D) omitted 50. At present, it is not possible to confirm or to refute the suggestion that there is a causal relationship between the amount of fat we eat and the_____ of heart attacks. A) incidence C) rupture B) impetus D) emergence 51. There are many who believe that the use of force_____ political ends can never be justified. A) in search of C) in view of B) in pursuit of D) in light of 52. Sometimes the bank manager himself is asked to _____ cheques if his clerks are not sure about them. A) credit C) certify B) assure D) access 53. It is believed that the authorities are thinking of _____ new taxes to raise extra revenue. A) impairing C) invading B) imposing D) integrating 54. When she heard the bad news, her eyes _____ with tears as she struggled to control her emotions. A) sparkled C) radiated B) twinkled D) glittered 55. There are occasions when giving a gift _____ spoken communication, since the message it offers can cut through barriers of language and cultural diversity. A) overtakes C) surpasses B) nourishes D) enforces 64. Astronomers at the University of California discovered one of the most distant_____. A) paradoxes C) galaxies B) paradises D) shuttles 65. Many great scientists _____ their success to hard work. A) portray C) impart B) ascribe D) acknowledge 66. The sign set up by the road _____ drivers to a sharp turn. A) alerts C) pleads B) refreshes D) diverts 67. The doctors don't_____ that the patient will live much longer. A) monitor C) articulate B) manifest D) anticipate 68. Call your doctor for advice if the_____ persist for more than a few days. A) responses C) symptoms B) signals D) reflections 69. We find it impossible to_____ with the latest safety regulations. A) accord C) obey B) unify D) comply 70. Professor Smith and Professor Brown will _____ in presenting the series of lectures on American literature. A) alter C) substitute B) alternate D) exchange Part IV Error Correction (15 minutes) Directions: This part consists of a short passage, hz this passage, there are altogether IO mis-takes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change ti word. add a word ordelete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided.lf you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark ( ^ ) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank, lf you delete a word, cross Rout and put a slash (/) in tile blank. Example: Television is rapidly becoming the literature of our period 1. time/times/period Many of the arguments having used for the study of literature as a 2. school subject are valid for ^ study of television. 3. the Thomas Malthus published his "Essay on the Principle of Population" almost 200 years ago. Ever since then, forecasters have being warning that worldwide famine was S1_____ just around the next corner. The fast-growing population's demand for food, they warned, would soon exceed their S2_____ supply, leading to widespread food shortages and starvation. But in reality, the world's total grain harvest has risen steadily over the years. Except for relative isolated trouble S3_____ spots like present-day Somalia, and occasional years of good harvests, the world's food crisis has remained just S4_____ around the corner. Most experts believe this can continue even as if the population doubles by the mid-21st century, S5_____ although feeding I0 billion people will not be easy for politics, economic and environmental reasons. Optimists S6_____ point to concrete examples of continued improvements in yield. In Africa, by instance, improved seed, more S7_____ fertilizer and advanced growing practices have more than double corn and wheat yields in an experiment. Elsewhere, S8_____ rice experts in the Philippines are producing a plant with few S9_____ stems and more seeds. There is no guarantee that plant breeders can continue to develop new, higher-yielding crop, but most researchers see their success to date as reason S10_____ for hope. Part V Writing (30 minutes) Reduce Waste on Campus 1.有些大学校园浪费现象日益严重 2.浪费的危害 3. 杜绝浪费, 从我做起 答案仅供参考